Among somatogenic syncope is most common cardiogenic which caused a decrease in cerebral blood flow due to a sharp decrease in cardiac output. This condition can be caused by arrhythmias (atrioventricular block, ventricular tachycardia, sick sinus syndrome, etc.) Or impaired blood flow to the heart muscle (cardiac tamponade, hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, and others.).
Neurogenic syncope occurs when the autonomic reflex responses. They are due to a sharp decline in blood pressure in the expansion of peripheral vascular or bradycardia.
Orthostatic syncope is the result of a sharp drop in blood pressure when changing body position on the vertical. It can occur when autonomic failure, diabetes, alcoholism, as well as massive blood loss, vomiting, prolonged bedrest or taking certain drugs (antihypertensive and vasodilator agents, nitrates, etc.).
All types of syncope have a rapid development. Syncope is often preceded by nausea, blurred vision, dizziness. Man feels weakness, feeling the approaching loss of consciousness. During fainting pale skin, weakening pulse, lowered blood pressure, reduced muscle tone, the pupils are dilated and poorly reactive to light.
Duration fainting from a few seconds to a minute or two. After a while a person is saved weakness, possible nausea.
At the time of syncope need to put the patient on his back, lift his legs, chest and neck free of hindering clothing. You can spray the person with cool water, give to smell ammonia. If the mind does not return for a long time, you must call the "ambulance" and to continue to bring the manipulation of human feeling.
Treatment of syncope is to eliminate their causes. That is, it may be a treatment of the underlying disease, or elimination of any stressful factors, etc.